English reading library
Explanatory guideWriting & Speaking· Grades 6-10· 950L–1100L· 7 min

Giving a Talk Without Slides

A guide to speaking so that people remember what you said.

Choose your reading level

Same story, same facts — rewritten for different reading levels.

A slide deck is a comfort object. It gives you somewhere to look, something for the audience to read, and a reason not to have decided exactly what you are going to say. Removing it forces the real work forward.

Decide the one sentence

Before anything else, write the single sentence you want an audience member to repeat to a friend tomorrow. Not a topic — my talk is about recycling — but a claim: our school throws away 40 kilograms of paper a week and half of it is blank on one side.

Everything in the talk exists to support that sentence, and anything that does not support it comes out. If you cannot write the sentence, you are not ready to plan the talk.

Build a shape the ear can follow

Readers can go back. Listeners cannot. A spoken structure has to be simple enough to hold in memory:

  • Open with something concrete. A number, an object, a thirty-second story. Not "today I am going to talk about". Never an apology.
  • Three sections, signposted out loud. "There are three things I want to show you. The first is..." Signposting is not padding; it is how a listener knows where they are.
  • One idea per section, one example per idea. Examples are what people actually remember.
  • Close by returning to the opening. If you began with an object, end with it. The loop signals completion better than the words "in conclusion".

Delivery is mostly two things

Pace. Nervousness speeds everyone up. Deliberately pause at the end of each section — a full two seconds, which will feel like ten. Pauses give the listener time to store what you said and make you sound certain.

Eyes. Choose three points in the room, one left, one centre, one right, and move between them at section boundaries. If eye contact is uncomfortable, look at foreheads; nobody can tell.

Volume matters more than tone. Speak to the person furthest from you and everyone nearer will hear you.

What to do with your hands and your notes

Hold one small card with your three section headings and nothing else. Full sentences on a card become a script, and a script becomes reading aloud, which is a different and worse activity. Hands: let them rest, gesture when it is natural, avoid holding anything you can fidget with.

Rehearse out loud, three times

Silent rehearsal does not work; the mouth is part of the memory. Rehearse standing up. The first run will be bad and long. The second will find the sentences that do not survive being spoken. The third is the one you give.

Time yourself. Then cut a fifth. Talks are never criticised for ending early.

After

Invite questions and let a silence sit for a few seconds before deciding nobody has one. If you do not know an answer, say so and say what you would do to find out. That answer earns more credibility than an invented one, every time.

Key vocabulary

signposting
Telling an audience out loud where you are in a talk.
pace
The speed at which a speaker delivers words.
anecdote
A short true story used to illustrate a point.
delivery
How a speech is performed, as distinct from what it says.

Think and respond

  1. Explain why the writer insists on "one sentence" before planning the talk.
  2. Compare the demands on a listener with the demands on a reader, and explain how spoken structure responds.
  3. Choose two delivery techniques and explain the reasoning behind each.
  4. Plan a three-minute talk using this structure: write your one sentence, three sections, and one example each.